| The June 2009 LENR seminar at University of Missouri presenters kept an open mind towards the methods employed to produce anomalous heat. The numerous reports of excess heat manifestations across bubble fusion, LENR and Casimir cavities are well documented and often replicated but the physics remains controversial. I propose that all these manifestations are based on Casimir cavities. The Rayney nickel used by Black Light Power has pore sizes forming cavities of Casimir geometry (2 nm as listed in Wikipedia). The recipe for Rayney Nickel leaches Al voids out of the parent Ni - Al alloy which results in a skeleton structure that could not form in a single step because conductive structures fabricated on this scale will aggregate due to the Casimir effect we know as stiction. This also suggests that Casimir force may be the engine behind all catalytic action. Casimir force requires parallel conductive plates which can take the form of crevices in skeletal catalysts, the meniscus of bubbles in a conductive electrolyte or the geometry of a conductive lattice structures such as Nickel. To produce heat instead of catalytic action however is a rare anomaly recorded most often in combination with rigid catalysts and Pd membranes. Palladium is both a catalyst and due to the size of its' lattice geometry is also a gas membrane allowing monatomic hydrogen to be forced through the lattice while remaining sealed to larger gases. This is why low temperature manifestations of excess heat like SPAWAR and Arrata-Zhang most often include Pd while high temperature occurrences like Black Lights' Rayney Nickel require heat and pressure to disassociate the gas. I believe I have a solution to the controversy but not sure if it would be called nuclear or chemical. I am proposing that Lorentz contraction can occur in the opposite direction creating a time dilation where the gas diffused in a Casimir cavity appears to accelerate while the orbital diameter quite correctly calculates smaller than ground state because it is contracting away on the temporal axis. This only explains catalytic action but I suspect a Rigid catalyst can restrict access to the temporal axis such that only atoms can translate between hydrino and hydrogen states. Therefore monatomic gas diffusing deep into a temporal corridor which then forms a compound or molecule becomes trapped on the time axis but is still moving in accordance with gas law relative to the spatial geometry inside the cavity. This relative motion will vary Casimir force and therefore the dimensions of the temporal corridor in which the compound or molecule is trapped. I believe the Lorentz contraction also allows a relativistic interpretation of what QED calls "up conversion" of vacuum fluctuations in a Casimir cavity. The longer wavelength vacuum flux are not actually replaced with smaller flux but are displaced on the time axis to appear shorter from our perspective. the atomic matter that is painted on the canvas of these vacuum flux inside a Casimir cavity are also displaced on the time axis and physically contract smaller on the spatial axis. this contraction varies with relative spacing between the sides of the cavity as the gas diffuses according to gas law. These normally chaotic vacuum fluctuations are "organized" by the physical containment of a rigid cavity and the changing size of the temporal corridor to create boundaries against the bonding orbitals of the gas atoms. As the corridor collapses these boundary conditions break the bonds and restore monatomic energy levels while allowing the trapped atoms to squeeze out of the narrowing channel individually. One very repeatable experiment presented by SPAWARS is shown below where the Pd is in solution and plated out onto the electrode while Deuterium is being evolved through electrolysis. The incubation time for anomalous heat detection for this method is minutes instead of weeks associated with many of the other experiments. I have suggested using a Pd plated porous tube instead of plating out the Pd from the electrolyte. The H2 or D2 could be fed into the tube which can still be used as the hydrogen evolving electrode in their electrolysis and allow them to concentrate on providing Casimir cavities as intimately to the tube surface as possible. H2 or D2 is always natures' preferred state so the percentage of monatomic gas translating to hydrino state will be small. Fran
Snip--- Let's stop right there. The "present", for any observer, has zero thickness along that observer's time axis. What does it mean for the radius of the orbit to have an increased extent along the time axis? Reply---- When I first heard Black light was confirmed by Rowan to produce excess heat last October I immediately looked up the pore size of Rayney nickel and for all of a week thought I was the only one to figure it out it was a Casimir cavity before discovering Haisch and Moddell had already patented a similar cavity scheme based on Casimir cavities back in May 08. Then I got busy trying to reverse engineer what was happening at Black Light making the giant assumption that the confirmation was legitimate. I had the same notion of Casimir effect you mentioned to Horrace but started communicating with Thomas Prevenslik who has authored much in ZPE theories and learned the theory is disputed with QED who can explain all with induced charge and virtual photons independent of virtual particles "pushing" (they hate that term with a passion) the plates closed. Both theories however agree that the plates braced apart do form a permanent exclusion zone regardless of wavelength suppression theory or up-conversion where short wavelengths replace the long... I jumped on this common ground that there was simply a "non standard" ratio of short to long wavelength vacuum fluctuations between the plates as being the "difference" that allows anomally to occur. In studying the history between Mills vs Park vs Naudts I was spoon fed Jan Naudts equations by a sibling. His use of relativistic Klein Gordon equations made me realize that the "up conversion" of vacuum fluctuations could have a relativistic solution - imagine a sine wave across your scope twisting on the Z axis disappearing into the screen and getting smaller from our perspective is actually getting higher in frequency or conversely you could say the virtual particles in between the plates would give the appearance of getting smaller. I made the leap that these shorter fluctuations are the same longer fluctuations in some fashion changed due to their shielding by a Casimir field generated by the plates. The "up conversion" may actually represent more of a relaxation of the zone like a "trapped pool" vs the rushing stream outside the cavity. Since these fluctuations represent the canvas upon which atomic matter is painted and For that matter keep the orbits from decaying I assumed the hydrogen atom also was redistributed - Here Mills already told me what to look for a smaller hydrogen he called "hydrino" Looking back it may prove his use of catalyst vs Casimir cavity might turn out to be only semantics. My early animations are all gone now and even the present incarnation may not be 100 percent accurate showing the orbital of monatomic hydrogen twisting and getting smaller as they permeate into a pair of moving plates - the twisting was my method for implying the translation being onto the time axis which I posit opens inversely to the closing of the spatial axis between conductive plates. The plates are supposed to represent a special case of Casimir cavity / rigid catalyst that confines this opening to the temporal axis such that only the atoms can translate freely and molecules or compound get stuck, So that in the case I animate the dihydrinos form already on the time axis but as the plates start to open you see the molecule ripped apart then a blue photon emitted as the restored hydrinos reform into a molecule in a repeated cascade till the atoms escape or the cavity overheats and melts the plates closed. I was only recently reminded of the Lorentz contraction and realized my theory is really only an alternate form where outside the cavity is analogous to the event horizon due to whatever ambient rate at which time intercepts our spatial axis vs the relaxed condition of the fluctuations inside the shielded cavity. Also communicated with Model regarding his SED based prototype over concern that any reactionary forces would simply prevent the circulation of monatomic gas thru his Casimir "colums" - he convinced me this would not occur and has equations included in his patent - I took this as another possible indication that the anomaly had a relativistic source in that vacuum fluctuations could "organize" to break the bonds of a temporally displaced dihydrino without presenting a spatial bias to resist the gas supply. He never would tell me how he intended to supply monatomic gas :_) But like me was also interested in finding a cheaper bulk material to form the cavities as milling plates and insulators with perfectly aligned .1u columns is very expensive! I have suggested crystalline shaped bulk nano materials where the facets might form Casimir cavities between the facets much like his columns as opposed to the Mills cavities which are likely melting down in their brief thermal reaction. Sorry for the detour into my past - back to work Snip2 Now, you say the radius is rotated into time, and so it appears shorter in space. Reply both --------------------------------------------------- snip reply I believe time speeds up from our perspective inside a Casimir cavity accounting for the amount of catalytic action that occurs (if my alternative explanation of the hydrino is correct and relativistic then all catalytic reactants are actually taking temporal detours and unaware they are accelerated! They actually put in all those extra hoursto perfom chemical reactions that seem to take minutes from our perspective) - and in response to a previous comment, the reason I kept using the term event horizon as a reference instead of approaching the speed of light was to establish equivalence at both ends of the spectrum as the Casimir cavity and observer remain spatially stationary to each other the delta in acceleration must be through equivalence also. I believe the sea of vacuum flux permeate or "pressure" matter at slightly different rates that is multiplied in a Casimir cavity, This differential then creates an equivalent acceleration perpendicular to space allowing two objects spatially stationary to other to have different temporal accelerations (just read Puthoffs' "Everything from Nothing" from list Horace sent me, I think I am using the term "pressure" in the same way he did) The theory could be tested by circulating a radioactive gas through fine metal powder, assuming the powder doesn't become pyrophoric it would create through channel Casimir cavities between the grainsof metal instead of dead end cavities typical inside of skeletal catalysts. If I am correct the half life would be reduced.
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interesting or useful links 1. H. E. Puthoff, "Everything for Nothing," New. Sci., vol.
127, p. 2. H. E. Puthoff, "Ground State of Hydrogen as a Zero-Point- Fluctuation-Determined
State," Phys. 3. D. C. Cole and H. E. Puthoff, "Extracting Energy and Heat from
the Vacuum," Phys. Rev. E, vol. 4. H. E. Puthoff, "The Energetic Vacuum: Implications for Energy Research," Spec. in Sci. and Tech., vol. 13, p. 247 (1990). 5. Timothy Boyer, "The Classical Vacuum," Scientific American, p. 70, August 1985 6. Walter Greiner and Joseph Hamilton, "Is the Vacuum Really Empty?", American Scientist, March-April 1980, p. 154 7. H. E. Puthoff, "The Energetic Vacuum: Implications for Energy Research", Speculations in Science and Technology, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 247-257, 1990. 8. US Patent 4,394,230, "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPLITTING WATER
MOLECULES," Cavity QED Zofia Bialnicka- Birula http://th-www.if.uj.edu.pl/acta/vol27/pdf/v27p2409.pdf -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The dependence
of the Casimir effect on the fine structure constant
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